MALIGNANT BRAIN NEOPLASMS: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN BRAZIL IN 2023

Abstract

Malignant neoplasia of the encephalon, or brain cancer, is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of malignant cells in the brain tissue or adjacent structures, affecting vital functions of the central nervous system. Although it is less common than other types of cancer, its high morbidity is worrying. Glioma, which originates from glial cells, is one of the most common malignant brain tumors. Symptoms include headache, nausea, vomiting and neurological deficits, and treatment involves surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The study described analyzed the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations and deaths from malignant neoplasms of the brain in Brazil in 2023. There were 16,328 hospitalizations and 2,266 deaths, with a mortality rate of 13.88%. Males had the highest number of hospitalizations and deaths, and the most affected age group was 60 to 69 years old. The analysis also highlighted racial disparities, with the indigenous population having the highest mortality rate. The Southeast region recorded the highest number of cases, with São Paulo being the most affected state. The study suggests the need for public policies to improve access to healthcare for vulnerable populations, as well as greater monitoring of the elderly population.