PROGNOSTIC EVALUATION AND THERAPEUTIC UPDATES OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE

Abstract

Heart failure(HF) is a clinical condition of inadequate blood pumping, resulting from functional and/or structural causes that negatively influence the filling pressure and cardiac output. The syndrome in question has high morbidity and mortality rates, and the prognostic evaluation and therapeutic care is fundamental in the management of patients with the disease. Given the above, the guiding question of this research is: What are the prognostic assessments of patients with chronic HF and what are the main updates in the therapeutic approach to the aforementioned pathology? This research has as its primary objective to describe the therapeutic approach and the methods currently used to assess the prognosis of patients with the syndrome. This is an integrative literature review study, of a qualitative nature and descriptive objective. The databases used were: PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS and BVS, from which 16 articles were selected. Regarding the results of the studies evaluated, 33.3% (n=5) indicated therapy with sacubitril/valsartan, beta-blockers, MRAs and SGLT2 inhibitors as the most effective therapy for HF. Regarding prognosis, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, breast cancer, chronic lung disease and Covid-19 are risk aggravators when associated with HF and biomarkers are used to help in the prognosis of these patients. Thus, although the evidence of reduced mortality and improved quality of life from the therapeutic updates addressed, there is still a low life expectancy for patients with the syndrome, in addition to worsening the quality of life of these patients.