PIGMENTOS E AMINOÁCIDOS TIPO MICOSPORINAS PRESENTES NA MACROALGA KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII: UMA FONTE DE INTERESSE BIOTECNOLÓGICO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v6i12.7041Palavras-chave:
Sazonalidade, Clorofila, FicobiliproteínasResumo
Pigmentos e aminoácidos tipo micosporinas (MAAs) extraídos de macroalgas possuem ampla aplicação industrial em setores como cosméticos, alimentos e farmacêuticos. Esses compostos apresentam atividades biológicas relevantes, como propriedades antioxidantes, colorantes e fotoprotetoras. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar os pigmentos (clorofilas, ficobiliproteínas e carotenoides) e os MAAs da macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii, cultivada em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, avaliando a influência de genótipos (linhagens verde e vermelha) coletados ao longo das estações do ano. Os teores de clorofilas, ficobiliproteínas, carotenoides e MAAs foram determinados por espectrofotometria ultravioleta e visível (UV-vis). Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Scott-Knott e à análise de componentes principais (PCA). De maneira geral, os resultados indicaram variações significativas nas concentrações dos pigmentos, especialmente em relação às estações do ano, em comparação com as linhagens algais. Observou-se que o outono e a primavera, para ambas as linhagens, foram agrupados na PCA, indicando que essas estações exercem uma influência positiva no conteúdo de pigmentos. Quanto aos MAAs, os teores mais elevados foram observados durante o cultivo na primavera e no verão, para ambas as linhagens. Entre as linhagens, observou-se que a maior distinção ocorreu nas ficobiliproteínas. A ficoeritrina destacou-se na linhagem vermelha, enquanto a linhagem verde apresentou concentrações mais elevadas de ficocianina e aloficocianina. Os resultados revelam o impacto dos fatores climáticos sobre o metabolismo dos pigmentos e dos MAAs de K. alvarezii, sugerindo que a produção desses compostos pode ser otimizada em função da sazonalidade e, em alguns casos, da linhagem.
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