PIGMENTS AND MYCOSPORIN-LIKE AMINO ACIDS PRESENT IN THE MACROALGA KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII: A SOURCE OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INTEREST
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v6i12.7041Keywords:
Seasonality, Chlorophyll, PhycobiliproteinsAbstract
Pigments and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) extracted from macroalgae have broad industrial applications in sectors such as cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals. These compounds exhibit relevant biological activities, such as antioxidant, coloring, and photoprotective properties. In this context, this study aimed to characterize the pigments (chlorophylls, phycobiliproteins, and carotenoids) and MAAs of the macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii, cultivated in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, evaluating the influence of genotypes (green and red strains) collected throughout the seasons of the year. The levels of chlorophylls, phycobiliproteins, carotenoids, and MAAs were determined using ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis). The data were subjected to the Scott-Knott test and principal component analysis (PCA). Overall, the results indicated significant variations in pigment concentrations, especially concerning the seasons of the year, compared to the algal strains. It was observed that autumn and spring, for both strains, were clustered in the PCA, indicating that these seasons positively influence pigment content. For MAAs, higher levels were observed during cultivation in spring and summer for both strains. Among the strains, it was observed that the greatest distinction occurred in the phycobiliproteins. Phycoerythrin stood out in the red strain, while the green strain showed higher concentrations of phycocyanin and allophycocyanin. The results reveal the impact of climatic factors on the metabolism of pigments and MAAs in K. alvarezii, suggesting that the production of these compounds can be optimized according to seasonality and, in some cases, strain.
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