AMMONIA INJECTION IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Abstract
Ammonia is a promising alternative to fossil fuels due to its ability to burn without emitting carbon dioxide (CO₂), contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Its application in internal combustion engines, especially in mixtures with diesel, has shown significant potential to reduce emissions and increase energy efficiency. Despite its advantages, ammonia presents technical challenges, such as low reactivity and high autoignition temperature, which require innovative solutions. Technologies such as dual injection systems, hydrogen blending, and reformed gas recirculation have been developed to overcome these obstacles, ensuring greater efficiency and emission control. This systematic review aims to gather and classify studies on the topic, using the StArt software, which guides the review through well-structured stages that evaluate studies based on rigorously defined criteria. The results show that the use of ammonia as a fuel can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining engine efficiency. However, further studies are still needed to enable its large-scale application.
Author Biographies
UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho".
UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho".
UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho".
UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho".
UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho".
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