MANGANESE REMOVAL FROM MINE-INFLUENCED WATERS BY MICROALGAE: A COMPREHENSIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstract
Manganese is a metal with several industrial applications, having an important biological role. Therefore, its presence in high concentrations is associated with a series of impacts on human health (such as lethargy and neurological disabilities) and the environment. Chemical removal methods, such as coagulation/flocculation and ion exchange, have been used to remove manganese from water and effluents, but have limitations in terms of efficiency, cost and waste generation. In this context, the use of nature-based solutions (SBN) has gained prominence and in the case of manganese removal, the use of microalgae emerges as a promising alternative, standing out for being an easy-to-implement technology, with low waste generation and wide availability in several regions. This work reviews recent research on the application of microalgae in the treatment of water and effluents containing Mn2+ ions. The review shows the ability of several microalgae to remove the ion, mainly through biosorption and precipitation mechanisms. Biosorption refers to the ability of live microalgae to retain the Mn2+ ion in their cell matrix, while precipitation, often induced by pH elevation resulting from photosynthetic activity (CO2(aq) absorption), favors the removal of the metal in the external environment. The analysis of the literature indicates that most of the work refers to studies carried out in laboratory conditions (bench), identifying the need for more investigations for the transition of these technologies to applications of greater scale and complexity.
Author Biographies
Mestre em Engenharia Ambiental pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental (PROAMB), na Escola de Minas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Campus do Morro do Cruzeiro. Título da dissertação: Graduado em Biologia Marinha pela Faculdade de Ciências Naturais da Universidade do Namibe (2020). Atualmente é Docente da Faculdade de Ciências Naturais da Universidade do Namibe.
Graduado em Engenharia Metalúrgica pela Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (1989), possui mestrado (1993) e doutorado (2001) em Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Minas pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, com estágio sanduíche na Universidade de Melbourne. Atualmente é professor titular da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. Atua na área de Engenharia de Materiais e Metalúrgica, com ênfase em Hidrometalurgia. Desenvolve pesquisas em lixiviação, purificação de soluções e tratamento de efluentes líquidos.
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