EFFECT OF IRRIGATION DEPTHS ON SOYBEAN FORAGE YIELD (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cv. CIGRAS 06
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of different irrigation depths on the biomass production and water use efficiency of soybean forage (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cv. CIGRAS 06. The experiment was conducted at the “Manuel Salvador Yépez” Experimental Station, located in Lara State, Venezuela, under tropical dry forest conditions. A randomized block design with four replications was used, consisting of five irrigation treatments corresponding to 18%, 30%, 60%, 100%, and 150% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Crop water requirements were estimated using the Class A pan method. The results showed a significant increase in biomass production with increasing irrigation depth. The highest dry matter yield (6628 kg ha⁻¹) was obtained under the 150% ETc treatment, while the 100% ETc treatment presented the highest water use efficiency (732 L kg⁻¹ DM). Water availability significantly influenced plant morphological composition. The highest proportion of pods and seeds (54.7%) was observed under intermediate irrigation levels (60% and 100% ETc). The findings indicate that irrigation levels between 100% and 150% of ETc, combined with adequate agronomic management, represent a viable strategy to optimize soybean forage production under tropical conditions.
Author Biographies
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Faculty of Earth and Sea Sciences, School of Agricultural Sciences, Heredia, Costa Rica. Veterinarian graduated from Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Venezuela. PhD in Sustainable Tropical Agricultural Production Systems from the University of Costa Rica.
Federal Goiano Institute (IF Goiano), Rio Verde Campus, Goiás, Brazil. Agricultural Engineer graduated from the Universidad Nacional Experimental de los Llanos Occidentales Ezequiel Zamora (UNELLEZ), Venezuela, and PhD in Agronomy from São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, São Paulo, Brazil.
Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado (UCLA), Barquisimeto, Venezuela. Agricultural Engineer from Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Venezuela, and PhD in Science from the Central University of Venezuela, with specialization in Plant Breeding.
National University of Costa Rica, Faculty of Earth and Sea Sciences, School of Agricultural Sciences, Heredia, Costa Rica. Agricultural Engineer and MSc in Ecological Agriculture from the National University of Costa Rica.
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