IMPACTO DE LAS CONDICIONES DE SALUD BUCAL EN LA CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LOS PACIENTES SOMETIDOS A CIRUGÍA BARIÁTRICA: UN ENSAYO CLÍNICO ALEATORIZADO
Resumen
Los problemas de salud bucal derivados de la cirugía bariátrica pueden afectar negativamente la calidad de vida de los pacientes bariátricos. Este estudio evaluó el impacto de las condiciones de salud bucal en la calidad de vida de pacientes bariátricos. Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado con 208 pacientes, distribuidos en dos grupos: Grupo de Intervención (GI), participantes del Programa de Promoción de la Salud Bucal para Pacientes Bariátricos (PROBARI), y Grupo de Control (GC). La recolección de datos se realizó en tres momentos: preoperatorio, a los 6 meses y a los 12 meses del postoperatorio. Se aplicaron un cuestionario demográfico y el cuestionario Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP). El análisis estadístico incluyó análisis descriptivo y bivariado, además de regresión logística longitudinal, considerando como variable dependiente el impacto de la salud bucal en la calidad de vida (OIDP) y como variables independientes las características demográficas. A los 6 meses del postoperatorio, tanto el valor medio del OIDP como su prevalencia fueron significativamente menores en el GI (1,1; 5,7%) en comparación con el GC (8,1; 26,0%) (p = 0,001). Las mujeres presentaron aproximadamente el doble de probabilidad de tener la calidad de vida negativamente influenciada por su condición bucal (z = 2,457; p = 0,014). Pertenecer al GI a los 6 meses fue un factor protector (0,16; IC95%: 0,09–0,30; p=0,000078). La intervención PROBARI redujo los valores del OIDP en un 84%, con una mejora significativa en la calidad de vida.
Biografía del autor/a
Pós-Doutorado em Odontologia. Centro Universitário Ingá – UNINGÁ, Maringá-PR, Brasil.
Doutorado em Odontologia. Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM, Maringá-PR, Brasil.
Doutoranda do Programa Interinstitucional de Pós-Graduação em Estatística, UFSCar–USP, São Carlos-SP, Brasil.
Mestrado em Comunicação. Universidade Estadual de Londrina – UEL, Londrina-PR, Brasil.
Pós-Doutorado em Estatística. Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM, Maringá-PR, Brasil.
Pós-Doutorado em Odontologia. Centro Universitário Ingá – UNINGÁ, Maringá-PR, Brasil.
Pós-Doutorado em Odontologia. Centro Universitário Ingá – UNINGÁ, Maringá-PR, Brasil.
Pós-Doutorado em Odontologia. Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM, Maringá-PR, Brasil.
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