EFEITOS DO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO SOBRE SINTOMAS DE ANSIEDADE E DEPRESSÃO EM ADULTOS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA E META-ANÁLISESTEMÁTICA E META-ANÁLISE
Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do exercício físico regular, com ênfase no componente aeróbico, sobre os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adultos. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise, conduzida conforme as diretrizes PRISMA e registrada no PROSPERO. A busca foi realizada nas bases Medline/PubMed, BVS e PEDro, abrangendo ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados entre 2020 e 2025. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada pela ferramenta RoB 2.0. A síntese quantitativa empregou modelos de efeitos aleatórios e análise de subgrupos via software RStudio. Resultados: Foram incluídos 12 estudos totalizando intervenções variadas (aeróbico, resistido, caminhada e práticas integrativas). A meta-análise revelou alta heterogeneidade (I2 = 98,1). Embora o modelo de efeito comum tenha indicado benefício global favorável (SMD = 0,74; IC 95% [0,63; 0,85]), o modelo de efeitos aleatórios não sustentou significância estatística global (p > 0,05), embora subgrupos de intervenções de curto prazo e de baixa intensidade tenham demonstrado efeitos positivos consistentes. Conclusão: O exercício físico atua como uma estratégia terapêutica complementar relevante, promovendo melhora na saúde mental e física. Contudo, a alta variabilidade entre protocolos sugere a necessidade de prescrições individualizadas e estudos com maior padronização metodológica.
Biografia do Autor
Graduando em Fisioterapia pelo Centro Universitário Mauricio de Nassau, Mossoró - RN
Graduando em Fisioterapia pelo Centro Universitário Mauricio de Nassau, Mossoró - RN
Graduando em Fisioterapia pelo Centro Universitário Mauricio de Nassau, Mossoró - RN.
Doutorando em Ciências Fisiológicas pela Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia - SBFis sediado na Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte - UERN. Mestre em Saúde e Sociedade pela Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte - UERN (2015). Especialista em Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar (2015) e Terapia Intensiva (2014) e em Citologia Clínica (2020). Biomédico com habilitação em patologia clínica pela Faculdade de Medicina Nova Esperança-FACENE (2018); Graduado em Fisioterapia pela Universidade Potiguar (2012), Coordenador Acadêmico do Curso de Fisioterapia da Faculdade Maurício de Nassau-Uninassau Campus Mossoró.
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