ASCARIASIS: EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL ASPECTS, AND PERSPECTIVES ON THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Abstract

Ascariasis, caused by the intestinal nematode Ascaris lumbricoides, represents one of the most prevalent helminthic infections worldwide. Given its high prevalence and significant impact on public health, a comprehensive understanding of its epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, and management strategies is imperative. Recent technological advancements, particularly the application of artificial intelligence, are being explored to enhance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic approaches. This study aims to conduct a narrative review of ascariasis, focusing on its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic strategies. The review was conducted through systematic searches of major biomedical databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and SciELO. Relevant articles published in recent years were selected based on criteria such as scientific impact, clinical relevance, and incorporation of technological advancements. The data underscore that ascariasis remains a significant public health concern, particularly in regions with inadequate sanitation. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic cases to severe conditions, including intestinal obstruction and pulmonary complications. Therapeutically, antihelminthic drugs remain the cornerstone of treatment; however, challenges such as drug resistance and reinfection necessitate complementary approaches, including prophylactic measures. Recent studies highlight the pivotal role of artificial intelligence in improving diagnostic precision and personalizing therapeutic interventions. A thorough understanding of its epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects is essential for effective management. The integration of artificial intelligence into the diagnosis and treatment of ascariasis holds promising potential, offering opportunities for more effective and personalized approaches.