ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL, SCREEN TIME, AND RISK OF CHRONIC NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES AMONG INDIGENOUS ADOLESCENTS ACROSS BRAZIL: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Indigenous peoples in Brazil experience health inequities, intensified by epidemiological transition and the rising burden of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs). Among adolescents, reduced traditional physical practices, increased screen time, and dietary changes raise the risk of obesity, hypertension, and other NCDs, calling for culturally sensitive policies. This study reviewed and synthesized evidence on the association between physical activity, screen use, and NCD risk among Indigenous adolescents in Brazil, identifying gaps and directions for interventions. An integrative review was conducted in LILACS, SciELO, and PubMed (2015–2025). Study selection followed adapted PRISMA criteria. Ten articles in Portuguese, English, or Spanish were included and appraised by level of evidence and thematic categories. Quantitative cross-sectional designs predominated (90.9%), with samples up to 1,598 participants. High prevalence of overweight (41.9%), central obesity (42.4%), and metabolic syndrome (28%) was reported. Low physical activity (58.2%) and prolonged screen time (17.7%) were associated with higher cardiometabolic risk, amplified by urbanization and greater access to ultra-processed foods. Gender disparities were frequent: girls showed lower physical activity and higher adiposity, whereas boys presented more overweight. Loss of traditional territories and increasing sedentarization also contributed. Sedentary lifestyle, excessive screen exposure, and socioenvironmental changes increase NCD risk; strategies should integrate cultural practices, education for mindful technology use, food security, and territorial protection. Future studies should adopt longitudinal and participatory approaches with communities.