ACCESS, RETENTION, AND SUCCESS OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Abstract
From a biopsychosocial perspective, disability emerges from the interaction between individual impairments and contextual barriers, which are particularly evident in higher education. Despite increased access, significant inequalities persist in the retention and academic success of students with disabilities. Objective: To analyze the challenges and facilitators influencing access, retention, academic success, and experiences of students with disabilities and neurodivergence in higher education. Methods: This is a systematic review conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Searches were performed in Google Scholar and the Virtual Health Library using MeSH and DeCS descriptors combined with Boolean operators. Primary studies published within the last five years were included, resulting in a final sample of 37 articles. Data were analyzed through narrative synthesis and thematic categorization. Conclusion: Findings indicate that although access to higher education has expanded, structural, pedagogical, and attitudinal barriers continue to hinder student retention and success. Strategies such as Universal Design for Learning, institutional support, digital accessibility, and peer support are essential for inclusion. However, persistent stigma and underutilization of services highlight the need for institutional and cultural transformation. Effective inclusion requires a systemic approach focused on equity, belonging, and diversity.
Author Biographies
Medical student at the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
Medical student at the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
Medical student at the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
PhD in Health Sciences from the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes). Professor in the Department of Medicine at Unimontes, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
Bachelor’s degree in Information Science from the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), Brazil.
PhD in Medicine (Neurology) from the Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). Professor in the Department of Physical Education and Sport at Unimontes, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
PhD in Health Sciences from the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes). Professor in the Department of Physical Education and Sport at Unimontes, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
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