CHRONIC EOSINOPHILIC LEUKEMIA: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF ADVANCES, DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES AND THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES
Abstract
Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL) is a BCR::ABL1 negative myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the clonal and persistent proliferation of eosinophils with specific morphological alterations. It is a rare disease with low incidence, whose diagnosis is still often delayed due to the scarcity of clinical information, similarity with other causes of hypereosinophilia, and difficulty in early recognition, factors that compromise therapeutic intervention and favor complications. The present study aimed to critically analyze the scientific literature on CEL, with emphasis on molecular advances, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic perspectives. This is a qualitative and descriptive study, developed through a critical literature review, with data collected from databases such as PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, CAPES Journals, and Google Scholar, covering the period from 2020 to 2026. The results show that CEL presents varied and often nonspecific clinical manifestations, associated with relevant laboratory findings and genetic alterations, especially the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, responsible for constitutive activation of tyrosine kinase and uncontrolled eosinophil proliferation. It is also observed that diagnosis requires an integrated approach involving clinical, laboratory, and molecular data. It is concluded that, despite advances, CEL still presents challenges related to early diagnosis, making it essential to expand scientific knowledge to improve patient management and prognosis.
Author Biographies
Undergraduate student in Biomedicine.
Undergraduate student in Biomedicine.
Undergraduate student in Biomedicine.
Biomedical Scientist, Master’s degree in Hematology – Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)/Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (Fundação HEMOAM).
Biomedical Scientist, Master’s degree in Biotechnology – Centro Universitário Fametro (FAMETRO).
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