INHIBICIÓN SINÉRGICA DE LA FUNCIÓN ESPERMÁTICA HUMANA POR FUCOIDAN Y OUABAÍNA REVELA UNA POTENTE ESTRATEGIA ANTICONCEPTIVA NO HORMONAL
Resumen
El desarrollo de opciones anticonceptivas no hormonales seguras y eficaces es una prioridad global, especialmente considerando la irritación mucosal y las respuestas inflamatorias asociadas con espermicidas químicos como el Nonoxinol‑9 y el Lauril Sulfato de Sodio. Los compuestos bioactivos naturales han surgido como alternativas prometedoras debido a sus diversas propiedades biológicas y a perfiles de seguridad potencialmente superiores. Este estudio investigó los efectos in vitro de Fucoidan, un polisacárido sulfatado derivado de algas pardas, y Ouabaína, un glucósido cardiotónico que inhibe selectivamente la isoforma α4 de la Na⁺/K⁺‑ATPasa específica de los espermatozoides, sobre la motilidad y la vitalidad de espermatozoides humanos. Muestras de semen de voluntarios sanos fueron expuestas a solución salina (control negativo), Lauril Sulfato de Sodio (control positivo), Fucoidan, Ouabaína o a la combinación Fucoidan + Ouabaína, y evaluadas a los 0 y 15 minutos según las directrices de la OMS (2021). Todos los tratamientos redujeron la motilidad y la vitalidad en comparación con el control negativo. El Fucoidan produjo reducciones moderadas, mientras que la Ouabaína generó un efecto inhibitorio más pronunciado. La combinación resultó en el mayor descenso, reduciendo la motilidad progresiva y la vitalidad en aproximadamente un 28% en ambos tiempos, lo que indica una interacción sinérgica. Los análisis estadísticos (Kruskal–Wallis y Wilcoxon) confirmaron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos (p < 0,05).
Biografía del autor/a
Maestría en Biotecnología en Saludad
Especialista en Salud de la Mujer
Licenciatura en Enfermería y Obstetricia
Licenciada en Enfermería y Obstetricia por la Universidad Federal de Espírito Santo (UFES); candidata a doctora en Salud Pública (UFES); Máster en Salud Pública (UFES).
Licenciada en Farmacia por la Universidad Federal de Espírito Santo (UFES); estudiante de Maestría en Biotecnología en Salud (UFES).
Licenciado en Ciencias Biológicas por la Universidad Federal de Espírito Santo (UFES); Doctor en Ciencias/Genética por la Universidad de São Paulo (USP). Profesor, asesor e investigador del Programa de Posgrado en Biotecnología/UFES.
Posdoctorado en Bioquímica y Genética Molecular (UAB) y posdoctorado en Genética Molecular del Cáncer. Profesor Titular (UFES), supervisor de estudiantes de máster y doctorado en Biotecnología. Coordinador del Programa de Posgrado en Biotecnología de la UFES.
Doctor en Ciencias Fisiológicas (UFES). Profesor Asociado IV del Departamento de Morfología de la UFES, con especialización en Morfología/Histología, Biología Celular, Bioingeniería Tisular, Biofísica y Fisiología. Coordinador del programa de doctorado de la Red de Biotecnología del Nordeste (RENORBIO) y supervisor de estudiantes de maestría y doctorado en Biotecnología (UFES).
Posdoctorado en Biociencias (UERJ). Doctorado en Biociencias Nucleares con énfasis en Oncología Molecular (UERJ/INCA). Máster en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (UFRJ) y especialización en Bioquímica (UFES) y Docencia Superior (EMESCAM). Farmacéutico (UFES). Profesor e investigador del Programa de Posgrado en Biotecnología (PPGBIOTEC).
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