INIBIÇÃO SINÉRGICA DA FUNÇÃO ESPERMÁTICA HUMANA POR FUCOIDAN E OUABAÍNA REVELA UMA POTENTE ESTRATÉGIA CONTRACEPTIVA NÃO HORMONAL
Resumo
O desenvolvimento de opções contraceptivas não hormonais seguras e eficazes é uma prioridade global, especialmente considerando a irritação mucosal e as respostas inflamatórias associadas a espermicidas químicos como Nonoxinol‑9 e Lauril Sulfato de Sódio. Compostos bioativos naturais surgiram como alternativas promissoras devido às suas diversas propriedades biológicas e a perfis de segurança potencialmente superiores. Este estudo investigou os efeitos in vitro de Fucoidan, um polissacarídeo sulfatado de algas marrons, e Ouabaína, um glicosídeo cardiotônico que inibe seletivamente a isoforma α4 da Na⁺/K⁺‑ATPase específica de espermatozóides, sobre a motilidade e a vitalidade de espermatozóides humanos. Amostras de sêmen de voluntários saudáveis foram expostas a solução salina (controle negativo), Lauril Sulfato de Sódio (controle positivo), Fucoidan, Ouabaína ou à combinação Fucoidan + Ouabaína, sendo avaliadas nos tempos 0 e 15 minutos conforme as diretrizes da OMS (2021). Todos os tratamentos reduziram a motilidade e a vitalidade em comparação ao controle negativo. O Fucoidan isolado produziu reduções modestas, enquanto a Ouabaína induziu um efeito inibitório mais pronunciado. A combinação resultou no maior declínio, reduzindo a motilidade progressiva e a vitalidade em cerca de 28% em ambos os tempos, indicando interação sinérgica. As análises estatísticas (Kruskal–Wallis e Wilcoxon) confirmaram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos (p < 0,05). Esses achados apoiam o potencial de Fucoidan e Ouabaína, especialmente em combinação, como candidatos para o desenvolvimento de formulações contraceptivas naturais e não hormonais. Estudos adicionais são necessários para avaliar citotoxicidade, segurança mucosal e aplicabilidade prolongada.
Biografia do Autor
Mestrado em Biotecnologia na Saúde, Centro Ciências da Saúde (UFES)
Especialista em Saúde da Mulher
Bacharel em Enfermagem e Obstetrícia (UFES).
Graduada em Enfermagem e Obstetrícia pela Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES); Doutoranda em Saúde Coletiva (UFES); Mestre em Saúde Coletiva (UFES).
Graduado em Farmácia pela Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES); Mestrando em Biotecnologia na Saúde (UFES).
Bacharel em Ciências Biológicas pelo Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular (NGHM) do Departamento de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES); Mestre em Biotecnologia (UFES). Doutorando em Biotecnologia (RENORBIO/UFES).
Graduada em Ciências Biológicas pela Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES); Doutorado em Ciências/Genética pela Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Professora, orientadora e pesquisadora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia/UFES.
Pós-doutorado em Bioquímica e Genética Molecular (UAB) e pós-doutorado em Genética Molecular do Câncer. Professor titular (UFES), orientador de mestrado e doutorado em Biotecnologia. Coordenador do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia da UFES.
Doutorado em Ciências Fisiológicas (UFES). Professor Associado do Departamento de Morfologia da UFES, atuando em Morfologia/Histologia, Biologia Celular, Bioengenharia de Tecidos, Biofísica e Fisiologia. Coordenador do doutorado da Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO) e orientador de mestrado/doutorado em Biotecnologia (UFES).
Pós‑doutorado em Biosciences (UERJ). PhD em Nuclear Biosciences com ênfase em Oncologia Molecular (UERJ/INCA). Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas (UFRJ) e especialização em Bioquímica (UFES) e Docência do Ensino Superior (EMESCAM). Farmacêutico (UFES). Professor e pesquisador do Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGBIOTEC).
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