ENFERMEDAD DE CHAGAS: DINÂMICA EPIDEMIOLÓGICA CONTEMPORÂNEA Y DESAFÍOS DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÊUTICOS.
Resumen
Objetivo: Revisar los desafíos contemporáneos de la enfermedad de Chagas, centrándose en los cambios en su distribución geográfica, las barreras diagnósticas y la búsqueda de terapias más efectivas. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión narrativa de carácter descriptivo y analítico, en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e Web of Science, utilizando los descriptores "Enfermedad de Chagas", "Cardiomiopatía de Chagas" y "Enfermedades Negligenciadas". Se seleccionaron artículos originales, revisiones y directrices en español, portugués e inglés, con ènfasis em la producción de los últimos 10 años.Revisión de la literatura: Los resultados indicanque la enfermedad causada por el protozoo Trypanosoma cruzi, es considerada una enfermedad desatendida e que afecta poblaciones vulnerables y recibe inversión limitada para su control. Aunque históricamente asociada con la transmisión vectorial en áreas rurales de Latinoamérica, se observo um cambio en su perfil epidemiológico, notablemente la transmisión oral en la región amazónica y la expansión a áreas no endémicas debido a la migración. Los impactos sociales y económicos son significativos en la población afectada, mientras que las estrategias de mitigación siguen siendo insuficientes, lo que resalta la necesidad de avances en la investigación, especialmente en el desarrollo de pruebas diagnósticas más precisas y medicamentos más efectivos con menor toxicidad. Consideraciones finales: A pesar de los avances en el conocimiento de la enfermedad, persisten lagunas en la epidemiología, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento. El estudio destaca la necesidad de garantizar el acceso a un diagnóstico oportuno y un tratamiento eficaz para prevenir la progresión a formas graves y debilitantes.
Biografía del autor/a
Médica pediatra com habilitação em cardiologia. É professora assistente do curso de medicina da Universidade do Estado do Pará.
Médica dermatologista e doutora em agentes Infecciosos e parasitários da Amazônia, professora adjunto da Universidade do Estado do Pará.
Médico, cirurgião cardíaco, médico assistente da Fundação Pública Hospital de Clínicas Gaspar Viana, Belém-PA.
Biólogo, mestrando em Gestão em Serviços de Saúde da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará, coordenador estadual do Programa de Doença de Chagas da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde Pública do Estado do Pará.
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