IMPACTO PSICOSOCIAL DE LA ENDOMETRIOSIS: REVISIÓN SOBRE DOLOR CRÓNICO, SEXUALIDAD, INFERTILIDAD Y RELACIONES
Resumen
La endometriosis es una enfermedad ginecológica crónica asociada con dolor persistente, infertilidad y disminución de la calidad de vida, con importantes repercusiones psicosociales que afectan la salud mental, la sexualidad y las relaciones interpersonales. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura utilizando las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect y SpringerLink. Se incluyeron veintitrés estudios publicados entre 2015 y 2025 en portugués, inglés o español. La selección de los estudios fue realizada de forma independiente por dos revisores, y los datos extraídos se organizaron en hojas de cálculo electrónicas y se analizaron cualitativamente. Resultados: Se encontró una asociación consistente entre el dolor crónico y una mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión. La dispareunia afectó negativamente la función sexual y la intimidad, mientras que la infertilidad intensificó el malestar emocional y los conflictos relacionales. Conclusión: La endometriosis presenta un impacto psicosocial interdependiente, lo que requiere un abordaje interdisciplinario y centrado en la paciente que integre el manejo del dolor, el apoyo psicológico y la atención a la salud sexual y relacional.
Biografía del autor/a
Discente de Medicina - Faculdade Afya Medicina de Itajubá, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Discente de Medicina - Faculdade Afya Medicina de Itajubá, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Médico Ginecologista e Obstetra, Docente de Medicina - Faculdade Afya Medicina de Itajubá, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
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