HEALTHCARE BIOETHICAL CONFLICTS IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Abstract

This article addresses the COVID-19 pandemic, its global impact, and the ethical and political challenges it has brought about. It began in Wuhan, China, in 2019, and became a global pandemic in 2020, with over 220 million confirmed cases and 4.5 million deaths worldwide by September 2021. The pandemic has given rise to ethical conflicts, especially in Brazil, where restrictive measures had a significant economic impact. Access to protective equipment and medical supplies was challenging, as was the shortage of resources such as ICU beds and ventilators. The ethical responsibility to protect essential workers was also a crucial theme.In light of this scenario, two ethical perspectives emerge: the ethics of responsibility and global bioethics offer approaches to addressing these challenges. The former emphasizes preventing future harm, while the latter highlights the interconnectedness of all forms of life and social justice. The pandemic response strategy varies by country and addresses issues such as social distancing and herd immunity. Ethical caution is essential when making decisions related to public health and the environment. In summary, the COVID-19 pandemic has generated ethical dilemmas and political challenges, underscoring the importance of balancing public health protection and the economy based on ethics and social responsibility.