EFFECTS OF INSPIRATORY MUSCLE TRAINING IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v7i2.7206Keywords:
heart failure, breathing exercises, Inspiratory muscle trainingAbstract
Heart failure (HF) is a cardiovascular syndrome of high prevalence and morbidity and mortality, associated with functional limitation, dyspnea and reduced quality of life. Respiratory muscle dysfunction is a relevant component of HF pathophysiology, justifying inspiratory muscle training (IMT) as an adjuvant therapeutic strategy in cardiovascular rehabilitation. Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence on the effects of IMT on respiratory muscle strength, dyspnea and quality of life of HF patients. Methods: This is an integrative literature review. The searches were conducted in PubMed, SciELO and PEDro databases, including studies published between 2020 and 2025. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials investigating IMT, alone or associated with other training modalities, were included in adult HF patients. Data synthesis was performed in a narrative way. Results: Seven studies involving 380 patients were included. IMT protocols used loads between 30% and 70% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (IPmax), and were frequently associated with aerobic and resistance training. All studies showed increased MIP. In addition, consistent improvements in functional capacity (VO2peak), distance in the six-minute walk test, reduced dyspnea and improved quality of life were observed, especially in the combined protocols. Conclusion: IMT is an effective, safe and low-cost intervention capable of improving respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity, dyspnea and quality of life in HF patients, and may be relevant in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
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