CONEXÃO ENTRE ELEMENTOS ESTRUTURAIS PELO MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS FINITOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v7i2.7193Palavras-chave:
Conexões, MEF, PRISMAResumo
Esta revisão sistemática examina metodologias de como modelar conexões entre elementos estruturais pelo Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF) no âmbito da engenharia de estruturas. O objetivo foi mapear e sintetizar métodos de modelagem, avaliando suas vantagens, limitações e eficiência computacional. A revisão seguiu um protocolo PRISMA 2020 com registro osf.io/ny95g e buscou nas bases Web of Science, Scopus e Google Scholar estudos de 1991 a dezembro de 2025. Artigos elegíveis apresentaram metodologias para modelar a conexão entre elementos estruturais usando o MEF em diversos sistemas constritivos. A qualidade dos artigos foi avaliada usando a ferramenta adaptada Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs (QATSDD) de 12 itens, e os resultados foram sintetizados narrativamente devido à heterogeneidade metodológica. De 14.179 artigos identificados, 58 foram analisados, abrangendo sistemas construtivos em aço, concreto, alvenaria e madeira. A síntese indica que métodos alternativos ao MEF — incluindo MEF não linear 3D, modelagem substituta (surrogate modeling) e técnicas de homogeneização — podem tratar efetivamente as limitações das ligações, como o mal-condicionamento de matrizes e o alto custo computacional, ao mesmo tempo que melhoram a precisão na modelagem de comportamentos complexos, como grandes deformações e falha progressiva. As principais limitações incluem a heterogeneidade metodológica e o foco em tipos estruturais específicos. Esses artigos apoiam o desenvolvimento de métodos alternativos modelagem de conexão como abordagens viáveis para aprimorar a eficiência computacional e a precisão na análise estrutural, embora mais pesquisas sejam necessárias para validação padronizada e aplicação mais ampla.
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