POTENCIAL DE DESMONTE EM SISTEMAS CONSTRUTIVOS INOVADORES NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE DOS DATECS SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA ECONOMIA CIRCULAR
Resumo
A construção civil brasileira enfrenta o desafio de gerir toneladas de resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD) gerados pelo setor. Diante desse cenário, a Economia Circular (EC) e o Projeto para Desmonte (DfD) emergem como estratégias essenciais para transformar edificações em "Bancos de Materiais", mantendo os recursos em ciclos fechados de alto valor. Este estudo realizou uma avaliação do potencial de desmonte de 14 sistemas construtivos inovadores regulamentados pelo PBQP-H por meio de Documentos de Avaliação Técnica (DATec). A metodologia envolveu análise documental e aplicação de uma lista de verificação composta por 16 critérios técnicos de desmontagem e circularidade divididos entre sistemas e materiais. Os resultados indicam que 92,8% dos sistemas possuem potencial teórico para desconstrução, mas enfrentam gargalos na padronização de conexões mecânicas e na rastreabilidade de dados. A maioria dos DATecs analisados não apresenta informações sobre a toxicidade dos materiais, o que impede a tomada de decisão segura no fim da vida útil e reforça a lógica linear de descarte. Conclui-se que a transição para a circularidade na construção brasileira depende da evolução dos marcos regulatórios para a inclusão de Passaportes de Materiais (BMP) e digitalização via BIM, ferramentas fundamentais para garantir o reuso efetivo de componentes e a redução dos danos ambientais causados pelo setor.
Biografia do Autor
Engenheira civil pela UFERSA, Graduação em Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia pela UFERSA. Atou em pesquisa sobre sistemas construtivos inovadores.
Graduanda em Engenheira civil pela UFERSA, Graduação em Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia pela UFERSA. Atou em pesquisa sobre sistemas construtivos inovadores.
Docente na UFRN. Possui doutorado em Engenharia civil pela Unicamp e mestrado e graduação em Engenharia civil pela UFRN. Atua em pesquisas sobre estruturas de concreto e análise estrutural.
Docente na UFRN. Possui doutorado em Engenharia civil pela Unicamp e mestrado e graduação em Engenharia civil pela UFRN. Atua em pesquisas sobre patologia das construções e sistemas construtivos inovadores.
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