ASPECTS ABOUT SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS DURING CLEAN SURGERY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Objective: To review the literature in order to highlight the main causes of surgical site infection in previously healthy people during clean surgeries, as well as the factor of highest prevalence in infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria, in the sterile surgical context. Methodology: Studies published on the SCIELO, MEDLINE, PUBMED, and LILACS data platforms were selected from 2016 and 2022. The descriptors used were: "Surgical wound infection"; "Prevalence"; "Intraoperative Care"; "Multiple Bacterial Pharmacoresistance" and "Surgical Operative Procedures"; in associated and isolated form . Data collection took place between March and April 2022. Results: The causes of surgical site infections are varied and its most common etiologic agent is Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, the main risk factors are pre-existing chronic diseases, smoking, blood transfusion and lack of preoperative care, and most cases of SSI occur in countries with low and middle income populations. Final considerations: To reduce the occurrence of SSI, the increase in microbial resistance due to inadequate antibiotic prophylaxis and improper infection control must be combated. It is necessary to implement and carry out health surveillance actions, educate and train professionals, and maintain aseptic techniques.