NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CHILDREN WITH COW MILK PROTEIN ALLERGY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Allergy to cow's milk protein is the most frequent allergy, manifesting symptoms with a higher incidence in children under the age of three years. This article aims to characterize the main diagnoses, symptoms, nutritional deficiencies and treatment present in cow's milk protein allergy in children. The main diagnosis used is the oral provocation test, carried out in a hospital environment. Symptoms are divided into three categories: IgE-mediated, non-IgE-mediated, and mixed. The main deficiencies that can occur are calcium and vitamin D, triggering some later diseases. The most used form of treatment is the exclusion of cow's milk and its derivatives, with the use of specific formulas or diets to remedy any deficiencies. Therefore, monitoring with a multidisciplinary team is necessary in order to provide guidance to those responsible for children with cow's milk protein allergy, respecting the individuality of each one, avoiding complications or worsening of the condition.