ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE EXERCISES ON THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS IN THE ELDERLY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joints that mainly affects the elderly, causing pain, functional limitation and loss of quality of life. Several treatment approaches are available, including physical therapy, surgical interventions, and non-pharmacological therapies. Objectives: The general objective is to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy of treatments for knee OA in the elderly, seeking to improve the quality of life of patients. Specific objectives include analyzing studies on available treatments, evaluating pain reduction, improving functionality, increasing muscle strength, quality of life, and balance and gait ability of older adults with knee OA. Methods: The systematic review covered research in academic sources such as Pubmed, Scielo, PEDro, Medline and Science Direct. Results and Discussion: Several interventions were evaluated, including the use of appropriate shoes, home rehabilitation programs, physiotherapy with therapeutic exercises and surgical interventions, such as total knee replacement. Efficacy varied depending on strategies and patients, but overall, several interventions showed promise in reducing pain and improving function. Conclusion: Knee OA is a complex condition, and the choice of treatment should be personalized. Approaches such as wearing proper shoes, home rehabilitation programs, and physical therapy with therapeutic exercises can be effective for many seniors. Total knee replacement is an option in severe cases. However, an individualized approach and more research is essential to understand which patients would benefit most from each treatment strategy.