MEDICINES CONSIDERED IN THE TREATMENT OF COVID-19 DURING THE PANDEMIC PERIOD IN BRAZIL: A REVIEW

Abstract

Covid-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is responsible for the pandemics state declared in March 2020, leading to more than 500 thousand deaths in Brazil until June 2021. The virus has a protein named S protein linked up with ACE2 as a key-receptor for the virus entrance into human cells. By cause of your affinity, the ACE2 receptor enables the virus’ entry in many human tissues, not only the pulmonary. It is believed the severe cases are related to cytokines storm and to ACE2 gene expression increasement.  The present study aims to bring a review on the current types of medicines used for Covid-19 treatment in Brazil, highlighting the importance of deeper therapeutical studies for the disease. The qualitative bibliographical review was performed between June 2020 and June 2021. Scientific research and studies enabled the vaccines development as a prophylactic tool against Covid-19. However, the medicines used for treatment are still unclear. One of the first drugs for new coronavirus treatment cited in the literature was the chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Moreover, azithromycin (AZI), nitazoxanide (NTZ) e methylprednisolone (MPDN) are also considered as therapeutic alternatives in Brazil. In the case of already infected individuals, the vaccine is not efficient for treatment anymore. Thus, it is necessary to identify an efficient treatment against Covid-19, being necessary a deeper research about the medicines to combat SARS-CoV-2.