PHYSIOPATHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF TENSION HEADACHE: A BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v5i1.4826Keywords:
Tension headache is a prevalent form ofAbstract
Introduction: Tension headache is a prevalent form of headache, significantly impacting quality of life. Objective: To analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms of tension headache. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review, using articles present in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO. Original articles and systematic reviews in English, Spanish and Portuguese published between 2014 and 2024 were included, which addressed the pathophysiological mechanisms of tension headache. After analysis, 14 articles were selected to prepare this review. Results and Discussion: The results highlight the complexity of the condition, involving not only muscle tension, but also neurobiological, psychological, environmental and neuromuscular factors. Neurobiological changes, central sensitization, muscular contributions, psychological influences, serotonergic dysfunctions, environmental and genetic factors were identified as relevant elements for the pathophysiology. Non-pharmacological interventions such as acupuncture, relaxation and cognitive therapies were effective in managing symptoms, while multidisciplinary approaches integrating pharmacology, behavioral interventions and physical therapy have shown potential to improve patients' quality of life. Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for future studies to deepen understanding of mechanisms, explore new therapeutic strategies and identify additional targets. These efforts are crucial to developing more effective and personalized treatment approaches. It is concluded that a holistic approach, integrating several areas, is essential to offer more comprehensive and targeted care to patients with tension headaches.
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