EFECTO DEL CALCIO, MAGNESIO Y VITAMINA B6 EN LA MINIMIZACIÓN DE LOS SÍNTOMAS PREMENSTRUALES: UN ESTUDIO DE REVISIÓN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v3i1.1075Palabras clave:
Comportamiento alimentario, Dismenorrea, Síndrome premenstrualResumen
El síndrome premenstrual (SPM) está representado por un conjunto de síntomas físicos, conductuales y emocionales. Comer dulces y alimentos grasos puede intensificar los síntomas del síndrome premenstrual debido a la baja concentración de micronutrientes: calcio, magnesio y vitamina B6. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo discutir el efecto del calcio, magnesio y vitamina B6 en la minimización de los síntomas premenstruales. Se trata de una revisión narrativa de la literatura, basada en las siguientes bases de datos: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) y Latin American and Latin American Literature Caribbean in Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS). El ciclo menstrual se divide en tres fases: folicular, ovulatoria y lútea, y cada ciclo tiene una duración promedio de 28 días. Los niveles de calcio sérico son más bajos durante la fase lútea, pudiendo observarse una exacerbación de los síntomas de inquietud y depresión, por lo que adherirse a una dieta rica en este micronutriente y/o suplementaria puede ser útil en los trastornos del estado de ánimo. El magnesio es importante para la producción de energía y está involucrado como cofactor en más de 300 sistemas enzimáticos, además es uno de los tratamientos más indicados para la migraña, la reducción de la retención de agua y la ansiedad. La vitamina B6, por su parte, actúa en la reducción de los síntomas premenstruales indeseables aumentando los niveles de serotonina y dopamina, se recomienda su suplementación con el fin de aportar nutrientes.
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