RISK FACTORS FOR STILLBIRTH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF CASE-CONTROL STUDIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v3i6.1595Keywords:
Risk factors, Stillbirth, Fetal death, Case-control studiesAbstract
Most fetal death are considered preventable and can be reduced by adequated care for women during pregnancy, but they are still little discussed in world policies that aimed to improve maternal-fetal care. The objective of this study was to identify risk fator for stillbirth as a pregnancy outcome. It was a systematic review of case-control studies, carried out in September 2020, in five databases: LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL, WoS and EMBASE. It was used the descriptors Stillbirth, Risk Factors and Case-Control Studies and their equivalents in the referred bases, crossed with the boolean operator and. A synthesis matrix was developed and applied for data extraction. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed based on the recommendations of the STROBE Initiative. The findings were submitted to critical narrative analysis. It was found 273 articles. After applying the eligibility criteria, 12 articles were selected for synthesis. It was identified risk factors for stillbirth related to maternal characteristics and behavior and socioeconomic aspects; reproductive history, maternal morbidity and pregnancy complications; factors related to health care and intrapartum period; and characteristics of the newborn. It was concluded that an effective health system, with investment in family planning, control of maternal habits and comorbidities, good prenatal coverage, early detection and treatment of maternal morbidities, agility in emergency obstetric care and professionals with good adherence to care protocols in intrapartum period can significantly decrease the proportion of stillborns.
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