SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE ABOUT THE INDUCTION OF GENOTOXICITY CAUSED BY HYDROXYUREA IN PATIENTS WITH FALCIFORM ANEMIA

Abstract

Sickle cell anemia (PA) is a chronic condition that has hereditary factors, described as autosomal recessive, in which the red cells acquire the shape of a sickle, a mutagenic condition of the hemoglobin protein (Hb) found in the circulating red blood cell and responsible for the transport of blood. O2 and CO2. Analyze the scientific evidence about the induction of genotoxicity caused by Hydroxyurea (HU) in patients with sickle cell disease. This is an integrative review research, of the articles available in full, in the last 10 years, in the Portuguese and English languages, with the PICO search strategy. The results obtained, in populations with different age groups, describe the possibility of a genomic instability that may come to allow the mutation of cells that are later called carcinogenic. The use of HU, may be causing changes at the hematological level and in the defense cells, presenting myelotoxicity, inducing a process of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia according to the time of use of the drug. According to the comparative analysis of the studies found, patients with FA who make prolonged use of HU, present evidence of DNA damage.

Keywords: Sickle cell anemia. Hydroxyurea. Micronucleus test.