AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS (ASD) AND ITS NEUROLOGICAL CORRELATIONS: A BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v4i9.4000Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorders; Neurological correlations; Neuroimaging in ASD.Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) constitute a complex and heterogeneous set of neuropsychiatric conditions characterized by challenges in social communication, repetitive patterns of behavior, restricted interests and a variety of clinical manifestations. Objective: This literature review aims to examine the neurological correlations of ASD, highlighting the influence of genetic, environmental and neurobiological factors on the manifestations of this condition. Methodology: The methodology used in the bibliographic review is presented, highlighting the careful selection of studies published in the last 15 years. Systematic search in renowned scientific databases such as PubMed and Scopus. Several methodological approaches, including neuroimaging and genetic studies, were covered in the analysis of selected studies. Results and Discussion: The results and discussion focus on the neurological correlations of ASD, revealing structural and functional differences in brain areas such as the prefrontal cortex and the "social brain" network. The interaction between genetic and environmental factors is highlighted, showing genetic heterogeneity and the impact of exposure to pollutants. Conclusion: The conclusion underscores the clinical importance of the identified neurological correlations, especially for early diagnosis and personalized therapeutic interventions. Atypical brain development, dysfunctions in brain connectivity and the neurobiology of sociability and empathy are highlighted as areas of advancement in the understanding of ASD. Overall, the article emphasizes the continued need for interdisciplinary research to address the complex challenges presented by ASD, with the hope of improving the quality of life of people affected by this neuropsychiatric condition.
Downloads
References
Amaral, D. G., Schumann, C. M., & Nordahl, C. W. (2018). Neuroanatomy of autism. Trends in Neurosciences, 31(3), 137-145.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub.
Baio, J. (2018). Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years—Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries, 67(6), 1-23.
Chen, J. A., Peñagarikano, O., Belgard, T. G., Swarup, V., & Geschwind, D. H. (2015). The emerging picture of autism spectrum disorder: genetics and pathology. Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, 10, 111-144.
Dawson, G. (2008). Early behavioral intervention, brain plasticity, and the prevention of autism spectrum disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 20(3), 775-803.
Ecker, C., & Murphy, D. (2014). Neuroimaging in autism—from basic science to translational research. Nature Reviews Neurology, 10(2), 82-91.
Geschwind, D. H., & State, M. W. (2015). Gene hunting in autism spectrum disorder: on the path to precision medicine. The Lancet Neurology, 14(11), 1109-1120.
Geschwind, D. H., & State, M. W. (2015). Autism genetics: opportunities and challenges for clinical translation. Nature Reviews Genetics, 16(9), 565-576.
Insel, T. R. (2014). The NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project: precision medicine for psychiatry. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(4), 395-397.
Kapur, K., Yendiki, A., & Rajagopalan, V. (2019). The Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange: towards large-scale evaluation of the intrinsic brain architecture in autism. Molecular Psychiatry, 24(5), 587-595.
Kim, Y. S., Leventhal, B. L., Koh, Y. J., Fombonne, E., Laska, E., Lim, E. C., ... & Grinker, R. R. (2011). Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders in a total population sample. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(9), 904-912.
Lord, C., Elsabbagh, M., Baird, G., & Veenstra-Vanderweele, J. (2018). Autism spectrum disorder. The Lancet, 392(10146), 508-520.
Minshew, N. J., & Williams, D. L. (2007). The new neurobiology of autism: cortex, connectivity, and neuronal organization. Archives of Neurology, 64(7), 945-950.
Modabbernia, A., Velthorst, E., & Reichenberg, A. (2017). Environmental risk factors for autism: an evidence-based review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Molecular Autism, 8(1), 13.
Nordahl, C. W., Simon, T. J., Zierhut, C., Solomon, M., Rogers, S. J., & Amaral, D. G. (2008). Brief report: methods for acquiring structural MRI data in very young children with autism without the use of sedation. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(9), 1581-1590.
Satterstrom, F. K., Kosmicki, J. A., Wang, J., Breen, M. S., De Rubeis, S., An, J. Y., ... & Daly, M. J. (2020). Large-scale exome sequencing study implicates both developmental and functional changes in the neurobiology of autism. Cell, 180(3), 568-584.
Tick, B., Bolton, P., Happe, F., Rutter, M., & Rijsdijk, F. (2016). Heritability of autism spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis of twin studies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57(5), 585-595.
van Kooten, I. A., Palmen, S. J., von Cappeln, P., Steinbusch, H. W., Korr, H., Heinsen, H., ... & Schmitz, C. (2008). Neurons in the fusiform gyrus are fewer and smaller in autism. Brain, 131(4), 987-999.
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2023 RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar - ISSN 2675-6218
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Os direitos autorais dos artigos/resenhas/TCCs publicados pertecem à revista RECIMA21, e seguem o padrão Creative Commons (CC BY 4.0), permitindo a cópia ou reprodução, desde que cite a fonte e respeite os direitos dos autores e contenham menção aos mesmos nos créditos. Toda e qualquer obra publicada na revista, seu conteúdo é de responsabilidade dos autores, cabendo a RECIMA21 apenas ser o veículo de divulgação, seguindo os padrões nacionais e internacionais de publicação.
