COLLAPSIBLE SOILS : RISKS AND SOLUTIONS TECHNOLOGICAL

Abstract

Some soils may vary in volume when the humidity changes, and may result in damage such as cracks, fissures and breaks in the building structures. This study aims to present the main risks in implementing foundations in collapsible soils and possible technological solutions. The study methodology is bibliographic review and has qualitative research as its nature. The results prove the need for soil analysis before construction begins, as a way to seek solutions that minimize future damage. As for the techniques for this correction, the literature has shown the use of stakes; the use of an iron powder mixture; compaction using a vibrating probe, leading to soil compaction; use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) / nanolime mixtures; use of mixtures of nanomaterials (nano-silica, nano-clay and calcium nano-carbonate); addition of granulated slag and natural pozzolan; execution of later compacted soil columns, inserted in the collapsible layer; use of aqueous binder solutions; and suggestion of necessary measures to avoid the occurrence or to reduce the magnitude of the geological processes, and not to occur of an extensive nature, covering large areas. We conclude that the literature has presented solutions that enable the use of this type of soil, and with the pre-analysis of the soil, it can guarantee the minimization of risks to buildings.