ARE WE TOO WEIRD TO BE NORMAL? OR ARE WE TOO NORMAL TO BE AUTISTIC: BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACHES TO THE EDUCATIONAL INCLUSION OF PEOPLE ON THE AUTISM SPECTRUM

Abstract

This article aims to explore autism within the context of neurodiversity, using a holistic biopsychosocial approach. The study compares different diagnostic criteria proposed by different authors to understand the varied manifestations of the autism spectrum. A systematic bibliographic review of scientific articles published in the last five years was carried out. The methodology adopted followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, ensuring rigor in the selection and analysis of studies. The results highlight the need for an integrative approach that recognizes autism as a natural variation of human diversity, in contrast to historical conceptions that categorized it as an isolated condition. The educational and social inclusion of individuals on the autism spectrum requires effective public policies, continuous training of education professionals and awareness of their specific needs. Furthermore, the adoption of identification symbols, such as the sunflower string, is essential to promote a more inclusive society that is aware of the various forms of neurodiversity.