FROM ANCIENT TIMES TO THE PRESENT DAY: DISCUSSIONS ABOUT SPECIAL AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

Abstract

The objective of this work was to analyze the history of Special and Inclusive Education, to understand this historical process until we reach the present day, understanding the advances made in this area. To this end, the problematizing question of this investigation is: How did the historical process of Special and Inclusive Education occur and what advances did education make in this area? Methodologically, the research in vogue is characterized as a bibliographical research of the narrative review type, with a qualitative approach and basic nature. To search for articles, the search platforms “Google Scholar” were used using the descriptors “History and Special Education” and “History and Inclusive Education” to guide the research. From the searches, several articles were found. The investigation discussed here does not constitute a state of knowledge, it is just a bibliographical narrative on the topic of history of Special and Inclusive Education. Data analysis was carried out through reading and interpretation of the texts read and studied. The results show that in the Middle Ages people with disabilities were excluded from society. Only in the Modern Age did science and medicine become interested in people with disabilities. Over time, several laws, decrees and documents were created, as well as policies that defend the rights of people with disabilities. Nowadays there is an inclusion movement taking place on a global scale. It refers to a new way of seeing students with special needs.