TERAPIA HORMONAL SUSTITUTIVA EN CLIMATERIO Y MENOPAUSIA Y RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v3i10.1949Palabras clave:
Terapia Hormonal Substitutiva Combinada, Climaterio, Menopausa, Estrógenos, Riesgo CardiovascularResumen
Objetivo: Comprobar en la literatura científica la implicación de la terapia hormonal sustitutiva (THS) en el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares en mujeres menopáusicas. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integradora, utilizando como criterio la búsqueda en las bases de datos científicas PubMed, Scielo y MEDLINE con el fin de buscar trabajos publicados en formato de artículo científico original, publicados entre los años 2015 y 2021. Resultados: Se observó que el inicio de la terapia hormonal sustitutiva, cuando se hace cerca de la menopausia, tiende a tener menores riesgos para la salud cardiovascular en comparación con los inicios tardíos del periodo. En consonancia con lo anterior, otras tesis corroboran la idea de que, cuando se priva al organismo, los estrógenos tienden a dañar la fisiología de la pared vascular, lo que da lugar a la mortalidad cardiovascular en el período posmenopáusico. Por otro lado, además de la hormona ovárica, es necesario evaluar otros factores que rodean el proceso de morbilidad de la menopausia, como el tabaquismo, la obesidad y el sedentarismo. Consideraciones finales: Existen beneficios cardioprotectores de la terapia hormonal sustitutiva (THS) en función del periodo de vida de las mujeres.
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