COLONOGRAFÍA POR TOMOGRAFÍA COMPUTARIZADA EN EL DETECCIÓN DE CÁNCER COLORRECTAL: UNA REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v4i11.4319Palabras clave:
Colonoscopia por tomografia computadorizadaResumen
Introducción: El cáncer colorrectal es la tercera neoplasia más común en el mundo, afectando principalmente la porción distal del tracto gastrointestinal. En Brasil, es la tercera neoplasia más prevalente en mujeres según el INCA. El diagnóstico precoz y el cribado son las formas más eficaces de prevenir la formación y desarrollo del CCR, ya que permite identificar lesiones premalignas. Entre los métodos de diagnóstico, la CTC es una técnica tridimensional que utiliza una baja dosis de radiación y permite el diagnóstico de lesiones de colon y extracolónicas. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión integradora de la literatura sobre el examen diagnóstico CTC para neoplasias de colon, abarcando definición, técnica, tamizaje, tamizaje, sensibilidad, especificidad y costo; indicaciones y contraindicaciones, beneficios y limitaciones del examen. Método: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora de la literatura y síntesis de resultados a partir de artículos científicos publicados e indexados en los portales PubMed y BVS (Biblioteca Virtual en Salud), en las bases de datos Lilacs, Medline y Scielo. Conclusión: El seguimiento e identificación de pólipos intestinales y lesiones neoplásicas es importante para reducir o descartar una posible progresión de la enfermedad. Las combinaciones de métodos existentes para el diagnóstico temprano actúan eficazmente para la detección y extirpación de la lesión, especialmente el CTC, además, tiene buena especificidad y sensibilidad en la detección de lesiones de 5 a 9 mm y extracolónicas. Sin embargo, las lesiones menores de 5 mm no pueden identificarse con precisión.
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