DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACH OF BIPOLAR DISORDER AMONG CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v5i3.5057Keywords:
Bipolar disorder. Children. Teenagers. Diagnosis. Treatment.Abstract
Introduction: Bipolar disorder in children is a psychiatric condition characterized by changes that include episodes of mania, hypomania, depression. Advanced pharmacological therapy alternatives have revolutionized the management of the disorder. Objective: To carry out a comprehensive literature review of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies applied to bipolar disorder among children and young people. Methods: Original articles and systematic reviews published between 2003 and 2024 were chosen, with their own inclusion and exclusion criteria, through searches in databases such as PubMed, Scielo and Scopus. Result and discussions: Pediatric diagnosis has advanced in recent decades, especially morphological changes in the tonsil. However, there are specific considerations, such as the distinction between expansive mood and irritability. Treatment is often based on lithium or atypical antipsychotics, highlighting the importance of early initiation of lithium therapy. In addition to its multidisciplinary role, mainly through CBT, it plays an essential role in preventing relapse and managing acute mood episodes
in children with bipolar disorder. Conclusion: Despite advances, it is vital to improve the diagnostic approach to distinguish it from other disorders. The complexity of the symptoms requires individualized therapy, involving medication and psychosocial treatment. Investments in clinical research are needed to improve prognosis and reduce long-term complications.
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