SUDDEN HEARING LOSS IN CHILDREN: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v6i2.6206Keywords:
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss; Children; Hearing Loss; Auditory Rehabilitation; Language Development.Abstract
Sudden hearing loss (SHL) in children is a rare condition, but it can occur unexpectedly, without obvious causes. Factors such as viral infections, ototoxic drugs, genetic conditions, autoimmune diseases and physical trauma are responsible for the loss. Early diagnosis, carried out by means of audiological tests, is essential to determine the severity of the condition and enable appropriate treatment. Aim: To investigate sudden hearing loss in children through an literature review. Methods: Experimental or observational articles were included, regardless of language, published in the PubMed and VHL databases until December 2024. The initial search identified 21 studies, of which 11 were discarded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. After selection, 10 articles were analyzed, with an emphasis on the effects of SBP on children's development. Results: Sudden hearing loss can impair language acquisition and affect children's social and school development. The prognosis varies according to the severity of the hearing loss, and is more favorable in mild cases. Early intervention, especially with corticosteroids, has shown better results in hearing recovery. The presence of tinnitus was also associated with a more favorable prognosis. The lack of standardization in diagnostic protocols makes comparisons between studies difficult. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of SBP are essential to minimize the effects on development. Auditory rehabilitation strategies and rapid interventions are crucial, and further research is needed with larger samples and more consistent treatment methods.
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