IMMUNOGENICITY ASSOCIATED WITH BOTULINUM TOXIN TREATMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v4i1.4227Keywords:
Botulinum Toxin, Immunogenicity, ImmunoresistanceAbstract
Introduction: Skin aging is an inevitable and natural factor of all human beings. In order to achieve prevention of the signs of aging and improvement of self-esteem, such as smoothing wrinkles and expression lines, aesthetic treatments have been increasing, with treatments based on botulinum toxin being the most sought after worldwide, however, little is addressed about immune resistance and long-term effects. Objective: To discuss the effects of botulinum toxin treatment over the years and the causes of resistance and the "vaccine effect". Method: Literature review work, having as source of research articles published in national and international journals. Discussion: In addition to intrinsic aging, we have to consider the extrinsic, which is related to external factors and the lifestyle of the individual, several factors influence the immunogenicity of botulinum neurotoxins, such as: factors related to the product, the manufacturing process, the antigenic protein load and the presence of accessory proteins, the immune system has cumulative memory and studies show that the formation of antibodies in patients of aesthetic treatments is rare, and those who developed antibodies, received doses of the formulation above the indicated, with an interval of less than one month between injections or else suffered cross-reaction to other antibodies resulting from multiple tetanus vaccines, since the botulinum toxin protein has parts of its structure homologous to the structure produced by Clostridium tetani.
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