THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON THE PREVENTION OF SARCOPENIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v5i5.5201Keywords:
Sarcopenia, Physical Activity, Prevention, Exercise, Muscle Mass, Elderly and Old Age.Abstract
Introduction: Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive and widespread loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, has been highlighted as one of the main risk factors for reduced quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Objective: This literature review aims to analyze the influence of physical activity on the prevention of sarcopenia. Methods: This literature review was conducted through a search of scientific literature published in the last 20 years, covering the period from 2004 to 2024, using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, and electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar. Results and Discussion: Sarcopenia results from a multifactorial interaction that includes muscle alterations, chronic inflammation, hormonal imbalances and environmental influences. Regular physical activity, especially strength and resistance training, has been shown to be effective in preventing sarcopenia by promoting beneficial muscle adaptations and reducing age-related muscle loss. Integrating physical activity into the routine of the elderly also has indirect benefits, such as improving metabolism, reducing the risk of chronic diseases and promoting mental health. Conclusion: Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia is crucial for developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. Regular physical activity, tailored to the individual's needs, can help to reduce sarcopenia.
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