CONGENITAL CYTOMEGALOVIROSIS IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENT IMMUNOSUPPRESSED BY HIV VIRUS: A CASE STUDY

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus-CMV is capable of causing infection with a wide range of symptoms. Cytomegalovirus in pregnant women can leave sequelae in the fetus. Objective: To conduct a case study on congenital cytomegalovirus in a pediatric patient immunosuppressed by HIV. Methodology: This is a retrospective, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, with information obtained from secondary data in the medical records. Results: A newborn was admitted and transferred from another health unit with a diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus-CMV, confirmed by serology tests, urine PCR showed only hyaline rhinorrhea with no other complaints or symptoms. The real reason for the transfer was the CT result showing brain parenchyma with hypodensity of the white matter, suggestive of acute encephalitis by cytomegalovirus-CM). After evaluation of the tomography report, treatment was started. The newborn developed jaundice and late neonatal sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome and was consequently transferred to the neonatal ICU, where he remained on mechanical ventilation (MV) for 4 days and nasal CPAP for one month. During this period, he was given antibiotic therapy. After two months, the patient returned to the clinical ward bed in good general condition. The patient was discharged home and later, as scheduled, will continue outpatient care. The child apparently had no sequelae after three months of hospitalization. Conclusion: A good clinical evaluation, collection of information about the family history, differential diagnosis and laboratory confirmation can provide answers and improve management.