QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (DM1) is a metabolic, autoimmune disease defined by blood hyperglycemia considered an organ-specific pathology characterized by the attack of antibodies in an autoimmune process causing selective destruction of pancreatic cells. DM1 is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, corresponding to about 5% to 10% of diabetes cases. The present article aims to identify the factors that affect the daily life of patients with T1DM. This is an integrative literature review conducted in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), National Library of Medicine of the United States of America (MEDLINE), and the Virtual Health Library (VHL). The search was conducted between 2010 and 2020, from the crossing of the following descriptors: "Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus", "Quality of Life", "Adolescent" and "Child". A total of 162 articles were found, and after applying the inclusion criteria, 15 were excluded for duplicity, 141 for not answering the guiding question, 02 excluded because it was an integrative review, and 05 were included in the final analysis. The articles evaluated showed that Quality of Life is a factor primarily affected by the lack of glycemic control that can cause serious consequences to the DM1 carrier, causing complications such as: Ketoacidosis that can lead to hospitalization, increasing the chances of death and chronic complications that can cause renal and visual impairment.