INTERACCIÓN DE LA INFLAMACIÓN CON ENFERMEDADES RESPIRATORIAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v4i1.2632Palabras clave:
Inflamasoma., Asma., EPOC., Cáncer de pulmón., Tuberculosis., Covid-19.Resumen
Introducción: El inflamasoma es un complejo multiproteico formado en el citosol que presenta como función generar las formas ativas de las citocinas IL-1β e IL-18 que van a promover la respuesta inflamatoria en el individuo. La activación del inflamasoma da lugar a la piroptosis, una forma inflamatoria de muerte celular programada de los macrófagos caracterizada por la hinchazón celular, la pérdida de integridad de la membrana plasmática y la liberación de citoquinas proinflamatorias (IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-6 e IL-8). Así, se confirma la participación del inflamasoma en la patogénesis de varias enfermedades inflamatorias, cuya acción viene determinada por el tipo de activación, creando así un perfil patogénico diferente para cada enfermedad. Objetivo: Este estudio pretendía abordar la relación entre la activación del inflamasoma y la patogénesis de las enfermedades del tracto respiratorio. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica basada en el análisis de revistas de la plataforma académica: Center for Biotechnology Information (PubMed). La búsqueda se delimitó en un intervalo de 2001 a 2021, utilizando las palabras clave: Inflammassoma; Asthma; COPD; Lower tract infection; Lung cancer; Tuberculosis; Covid-19. Desarrollo: Los resultados obtenidos en los estudios demostraron que existe una influencia del inflamasoma en la patogénesis de las vías respiratorias. Conclusión: A partir de la información obtenida, se pudo observar la importancia del inflamasoma en el desarrollo de la patogénesis de algunas enfermedades del tracto respiratorio, como asma, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC), infecciones agudas del tracto respiratorio inferior, cáncer de pulmón, tuberculosis y Covid-19.
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