USE OF ESMOLOL IN INTRAOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE NON-CARDIAC SURGERIES: An INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Esmolol is a cardioselective antagonist of ultra short-acting ß1 receptor. It is effective in blunting responses to perioperative adrenergic stimuli, including tracheal intubation, intraoperative events caused by decreased anesthetic depth and tracheal extubation. Thus, it was the objective of this study to analyze in the national and international literature the effects of esmolol in the perioperative and postoperative period of noncardiac surgeries. This is an integrative review of literature carried out in the Virtual Health Library. The articles of the Latin American and Caribbean scientific and technical literature database (LILACS) and the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) were selected. The results revealed that administration of esmolol brought benefits, not mentioning any malice with use, where in infusion this medication is more effective than bolus to control systolic blood pressure during endotracheal intubation and sternotomy, significantly reducing the need for anesthetic-analgesic, pain and incidence of NVP. Surveys also reported that esmolol had an opioid sparing effect in the intraoperative and immediate postoperative period in hypertensive patients undergoing laparoscopy. Esmolol in intravenous infusion reduced analgesic consumption both intraoperatively and postoperatively, reduced the visual analogue scale scores in the immediate postoperative period and extended the time for the first analgesia. Therefore, it was possible to verify that esmolol is a safe medication, with many advantages and with few adverse effects.