CORREÇÃO CIRÚRGICA DO SORRISO GENGIVAL CAUSADO POR ERUPÇÃO PASSIVA ALTERADA E HIPERMOBILIDADE LABIAL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DE LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v5i10.5814Palavras-chave:
Gengivectomia, Gengivoplastia, OsteotomiaResumo
O sorriso harmonioso é fundamental para a estética facial e a autoconfiança, e o sorriso gengival é uma preocupação comum que afeta muitos indivíduos. As principais causas incluem Erupção Passiva Alterada (EPA) e hipermobilidade labial, levando à exposição excessiva da gengiva e causando desconforto estético e psicológico. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar a técnica cirúrgica mais eficaz para corrigir o sorriso gengival, com foco específico em EPA e hipermobilidade labial. A revisão da literatura foi conduzida utilizando a estratégia PICO, examinando artigos nas bases de dados Portal Regional da BVS e PubMed, de abril a outubro de 2024, em português, inglês e espanhol. Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2024 e suas referências. Excluíram-se artigos que não abordavam especificamente o tratamento cirúrgico periodontal para sorriso gengival ou que estavam indisponíveis na íntegra. A revisão integrou 24 artigos que discutem técnicas como gengivectomia e retalho posicionado apicalmente, com ou sem remodelação óssea, para tratamento da EPA. Além disso, foram abordadas seis técnicas de reposicionamento labial para corrigir a hipermobilidade labial, além de relatos de casos com etiologias combinadas. Concluindo, o tratamento da EPA deve ser personalizado, com todas as técnicas mostrando eficácia. Para hipermobilidade labial, a miotomia com sutura de poliéster foi eficaz, embora com possíveis complicações. Pacientes com múltiplas etiologias podem precisar de tratamentos combinados para obter resultados estéticos mais duradouros.
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