A RELAÇÃO ENTRE PARÂMETROS PERIODONTAIS E DIETA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v6i1.6134Palavras-chave:
periodontite, parâmetros periodontais, dieta mediterrânea, dieta vegetariana e alimentos ultra processados.Resumo
A periodontite é definida como uma doença inflamatória crônica associada a um biofilme disbiótico que leva à perda dos tecidos de suporte periodontal, podendo culminar na perda dentária. A inflamação é de cunho multifatorial, e interfere na homeostase do tecido periodontal. A resposta inflamatória é ativada por quatro componentes: indutores inflamatórios, sensores de detecção, mediadores inflamatórios e os tecidos-alvo afetados. Diversos estudos observaram o papel essencial exercido pela dieta equilibrada na manutenção da saúde periodontal. Evidências mostram que a saúde periodontal é influenciada por inúmeras vitaminas e minerais. O objetivo deste estudo foi sintetizar a evidência acerca de como as dietas alimentares podem afetar os parâmetros clínicos periodontais, propondo definições destas dietas e sua relação com as doenças periodontais. Micro e macronutrientes presentes na dieta podem auxiliar no controle da inflamação e no reparo, ou exacerbar a inflamação presente na doença periodontal. Dietas ricas em vegetais e com baixo teor de gorduras saturadas contribuem para a saúde periodontal, enquanto dietas ricas em alimentos ultraprocessados podem exacerbar a inflamação no periodonto. Novos estudos acerca do papel da dieta na progressão da doença e de seu impacto no tratamento periodontal são necessários para a compreensão e o manejo adequado do paciente periodontal.
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