EVALUACIÓN DE LA EFICACIA DE LOS NUEVOS TRATAMIENTOS ANTICOAGULANTES ORALES EN LA PREVENCIÓN DE ACONTECIMIENTOS RELACIONADOS CON LA FIBRILACIÓN AURICULAR: REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v5i5.5203Palabras clave:
Fibrilación auricular, nuevas terapias anticoagulantes orales, prevención de eventos cardiovasculares.Resumen
Introducción: La fibrilación auricular es una condición clínica frecuente asociada a un aumento significativo del riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares, como el ictus. El advenimiento de nuevas terapias anticoagulantes orales, como los inhibidores directos del factor Xa y la trombina, ha traído nuevas perspectivas para el tratamiento y la prevención de estos eventos. Objetivo: Esta revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de las nuevas terapias anticoagulantes orales en la prevención de eventos cardiovasculares relacionados con la fibrilación auricular. Métodos: Esta revisión bibliográfica se realizó a través de una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura científica publicada en los últimos 15 años, abarcando el período de 2009 a 2024, utilizando las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus y Google Scholar. Se incluyeron estudios originales y revisiones que investigaran las características de las nuevas terapias anticoagulantes orales y su eficacia en la prevención de eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes con fibrilación auricular. Resultados y discusión: Los estudios revisados destacaron la eficacia de las nuevas terapias anticoagulantes orales en la reducción del riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares, como el accidente cerebrovascular, en comparación con la warfarina. Además, estos fármacos han mostrado un perfil de seguridad favorable, con una menor incidencia de hemorragia intracraneal. También se destacaron la adherencia y el cumplimiento del tratamiento como ventajas de las nuevas terapias, contribuyendo a una mejor calidad de vida de los pacientes.
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