ESOPHAGEAL CANCER AND OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v6i3.6280Keywords:
Esophageal cancer. Obesity. Esophageal adenocarcinoma. Endoscopy. Gastroesophageal reflux. Barrett’s esophagus.Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the seventh most common cancer worldwide and shows high mortality rates, particularly when diagnosed at an advanced stage. In Brazil, a significant increase in mortality rates and the number of endoscopies for early diagnosis has been observed. Obesity, also on the rise in the country, is a major risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma, especially due to its association with gastroesophageal reflux and Barrett’s esophagus. This integrative systematic review aims to analyze the relationship between obesity and esophageal cancer, based on 43 relevant studies from PubMed, Scielo, and Science Direct. The results show that obesity significantly increases the risk of esophageal cancer by promoting a chronic inflammatory environment and insulin resistance. Although obesity is a critical risk factor, the “obesity paradox” suggests that obese patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer may have better survival rates.
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