LA INFLUENCIA DEL CONSUMO DE PROTEÍNAS EN LA PREVENCIÓN DE LA SARCOPENIA EN LOS ANCIANOS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v4i12.4611Palabras clave:
Sarcopenia. Ancianos sarcopénicos. Suplementos proteicos.Resumen
Este estudio se propuso evaluar los efectos de la suplementación proteica en la prevención de la sarcopenia en ancianos, una afección asociada a la pérdida de masa y fuerza muscular debida al envejecimiento. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica integradora centrada en ensayos clínicos publicados en los últimos cinco años, a los que se accedió a través de las bases de datos PubMed y Scielo, utilizando descriptores seleccionados según términos DeCS y MeSH. Tras analizar los artículos encontrados, siguiendo criterios de inclusión y exclusión predefinidos, se seleccionaron 23 estudios como muestra final, que estudiaron una variedad de enfoques de la suplementación proteica en ancianos. Algunos estudios informaron de beneficios significativos en la mejora de la masa muscular y la fuerza en ancianos que recibieron suplementos proteicos, mientras que otros no encontraron diferencias significativas en comparación con un grupo de control. La diversidad de resultados puede atribuirse a las diferencias en la dosis, la duración y el tipo de proteína suplementada, así como a las características individuales de los participantes. Los estudios revisados en esta investigación sugieren que la suplementación proteica, especialmente cuando se combina con ejercicio de resistencia, puede desempeñar un papel importante en la prevención y tratamiento de la sarcopenia en los ancianos. Sin embargo, la eficacia de la suplementación proteica puede variar en función de varios factores, como el tipo de proteína, dosis administrada y el periodo de intervención. Además, la combinación de suplementos proteicos con otros nutrientes, como las vitaminas, puede tener beneficios adicionales para la salud muscular.
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