A INFLUÊNCIA DO CONSUMO DE PROTEÍNA NA PREVENÇÃO DE SARCOPENIA NO IDOSO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v4i12.4611Palavras-chave:
Sarcopenia. Idosos sarcopênicos. Suplementação proteicaResumo
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de proteína na prevenção da sarcopenia em idosos, uma condição associada à perda de massa muscular e força decorrente do envelhecimento. Uma revisão integrativa da literatura foi conduzida com foco em ensaios clínicos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, acessados por meio das bases de dados PubMed e Scielo, utilizando descritores selecionados conforme os DeCS e MeSH terms. Após análise dos artigos encontrados, seguindo critérios de inclusão e exclusão predefinidos, foram selecionados como amostra final, 23 estudos que contém uma variedade de abordagens sobre a suplementação de proteína em idosos. Alguns estudos relataram benefícios significativos na melhoria da massa muscular e força em idosos que receberam suplementos de proteína, enquanto outros não encontraram diferenças significativas em relação a um grupo de controle. A diversidade de resultados pode ser atribuída a diferenças na dose, duração e tipo de proteína suplementada, bem como às características individuais dos participantes. Os estudos revisados nesta pesquisa sugerem que a suplementação de proteína, especialmente quando combinada com exercícios de resistência, pode desempenhar um papel importante na prevenção e tratamento da sarcopenia em idosos. No entanto, a eficácia da suplementação proteica pode variar dependendo de vários fatores, como o tipo de proteína, a dose administrada e o período de intervenção. Além disso, a combinação de suplementos de proteína com outros nutrientes, como vitaminas, pode ter benefícios adicionais na saúde muscular.
Downloads
Referências
Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, Cesari M, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Morley JE, et al. Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. [Internet]. 2013 Aug;14(8):542–559. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1525861013003265
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruyère O, Cederholm T, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing [Internet]. 2019 Jan 1;48(1):16–31. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ageing/article/48/1/16/5126243
Chagas CS, Ohara DG, Matos AP, Oliveira MSR de, Lopes MGR, Marmo FAD, et al. Associação entre sarcopenia e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em idosos comunitários. Acta Paul. Enferm. [Internet]. 2021 Nov 5;34. Available from: https://acta-ape.org/article/associacao-entre-sarcopenia-e-qualidade-de-vida-relacionada-a-saude-em-idosos-comunitarios/
Evans WJ, Boccardi V, Paolisso G. Perspective: Dietary Protein Needs of Elderly People: Protein Supplementation as an Effective Strategy to Counteract Sarcopenia. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. [Internet]. 2013 Jan;14(1):67–69. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1525861012003489
Mijnarends DM, Luiking YC, Halfens RJG, Evers SMAA, Lenaerts ELA, Verlaan S, et al. Muscle, Health and Costs: A Glance at their Relationship. J. Nutr. Health Aging [Internet]. 2018 Jul 13;22(7):766–773. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-018-1058-9
Kamińska MS, Rachubińska K, Grochans S, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Cybulska AM, Grochans E, et al. The Impact of Whey Protein Supplementation on Sarcopenia Progression among the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients [Internet]. 2023 Apr 23;15(9):2039. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/9/2039
Sampaio RX, Barros R de S, Cera ML, Mendes FA dos S, Garcia PA. Associação dos parâmetros clínicos de sarcopenia e comprometimento cognitivo em pessoas idosas: estudo transversal. Rev. Bras. Geriatr. e Gerontol. [Internet]. 2023;26. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1809-98232023000100201&tlng=pt
Sousa CR de, Coutinho JFV, Marques MB, Barbosa RGB, Roriz Filho J de S, Soares ES, et al. Prevalência e características associadas à sarcopenia em pessoas idosas: estudo transversal. Rev. Bras. Enferm. [Internet]. 2023;76(2). Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71672023000200163&tlng=pt
Silva TA de A, Junior AF, Pinheiro MM, Szejnfeld VL. Sarcopenia Associada ao Envelhecimento: Aspectos Etiológicos e Opções Terapêuticas. Rev. Bras. Reumatol. 2006;46(6):391–97.
Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst. Rev. [Internet]. 2015 Dec 1;4(1):1. Available from: https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1
Park Y, Choi J-E, Hwang H-S. Protein supplementation improves muscle mass and physical performance in undernourished prefrail and frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. [Internet]. 2018 Nov;108(5):1026–1033. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002916522030313
Amasene M, Besga A, Echeverria I, Urquiza M, Ruiz JR, Rodriguez-Larrad A, et al. Effects of Leucine-Enriched Whey Protein Supplementation on Physical Function in Post-Hospitalized Older Adults Participating in 12-Weeks of Resistance Training Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients [Internet]. 2019 Oct 1;11(10):2337. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/10/2337
Bo Y, Liu C, Ji Z, Yang R, An Q, Zhang X, et al. A high whey protein, vitamin D and E supplement preserves muscle mass, strength, and quality of life in sarcopenic older adults: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Clin. Nutr. [Internet]. 2019 Feb;38(1):159–164. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0261561418300074
Centner C, Zdzieblik D, Roberts L, Gollhofer A, König D. Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training with Protein Supplementation on Muscle Mass And Strength in Older Men. J. Sports Sci. Med. 2019 Sep;18(3):471–478.
Gade J, Beck AM, Andersen HE, Christensen B, Rønholt F, Klausen TW, et al. Protein supplementation combined with low-intensity resistance training in geriatric medical patients during and after hospitalisation: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre trial. Br. J. Nutr. [Internet]. 2019 Nov 14;122(9):1006–1020. Available from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0007114519001831/type/journal_article
Nabuco HCG, Tomeleri CM, Fernandes RR, Sugihara Junior P, Cavalcante EF, Cunha PM, et al. Effect of whey protein supplementation combined with resistance training on body composition, muscular strength, functional capacity, and plasma-metabolism biomarkers in older women with sarcopenic obesity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled t. Clin. Nutr. ESPEN [Internet]. 2019 Aug;32:88–95. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2405457718306090
Haaf DSM ten, Eijsvogels TMH, Bongers CCWG, Horstman AMH, Timmers S, Groot LCPGM de, et al. Protein supplementation improves lean body mass in physically active older adults: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial. J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle [Internet]. 2019 Apr 7;10(2):298–310. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcsm.12394
Yamada M, Kimura Y, Ishiyama D, Nishio N, Otobe Y, Tanaka T, et al. Synergistic effect of bodyweight resistance exercise and protein supplementation on skeletal muscle in sarcopenic or dynapenic older adults. Geriatr. Gerontol. Int. [Internet]. 2019 May 13;19(5):429–437. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ggi.13643
Atherton C, McNaughton LR, Close GL, Sparks A. Post-exercise provision of 40 g of protein during whole body resistance training further augments strength adaptations in elderly males. Res. Sport. Med. [Internet]. 2020 Oct 1;28(4):469–483. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15438627.2020.1770251
Björkman MP, Suominen MH, Kautiainen H, Jyväkorpi SK, Finne-Soveri HU, Strandberg TE, et al. Effect of Protein Supplementation on Physical Performance in Older People With Sarcopenia–A Randomized Controlled Trial. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. [Internet]. 2020 Feb;21(2):226-232.e1. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1525861019306577
Kemmler W, Kohl M, Jakob F, Engelke K, Stengel S von. Effects of High Intensity Dynamic Resistance Exercise and Whey Protein Supplements on Osteosarcopenia in Older Men with Low Bone and Muscle Mass. Final Results of the Randomized Controlled FrOST Study. Nutrients [Internet]. 2020 Aug 5;12(8):2341. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/8/2341
Nilsson MI, Mikhail A, Lan L, Carlo A Di, Hamilton B, Barnard K, et al. A Five-Ingredient Nutritional Supplement and Home-Based Resistance Exercise Improve Lean Mass and Strength in Free-Living Elderly. Nutrients [Internet]. 2020 Aug 10;12(8):2391. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/8/2391
Liao C-D, Liao Y-H, Liou T-H, Hsieh C-Y, Kuo Y-C, Chen H-C. Effects of Protein-Rich Nutritional Composition Supplementation on Sarcopenia Indices and Physical Activity during Resistance Exercise Training in Older Women with Knee Osteoarthritis. Nutrients [Internet]. 2021 Jul 21;13(8):2487. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2487
Lin C-C, Shih M-H, Chen C-D, Yeh S-L. Effects of adequate dietary protein with whey protein, leucine, and vitamin D supplementation on sarcopenia in older adults: An open-label, parallel-group study. Clin. Nutr. [Internet]. 2021 Mar;40(3):1323–1329. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0261561420304325
Nakayama K, Saito Y, Sanbongi C, Murata K, Urashima T. Effects of low-dose milk protein supplementation following low-to-moderate intensity exercise training on muscle mass in healthy older adults: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Eur. J. Nutr. [Internet]. 2021 Mar 10;60(2):917–928. Available from: https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00394-020-02302-4
Bagheri R, Hooshmand Moghadam B, Candow DG, Elliott BT, Wong A, Ashtary-Larky D, et al. Effects of Icelandic yogurt consumption and resistance training in healthy untrained older males. Br. J. Nutr. [Internet]. 2022 May 14;127(9):1334–1342. Available from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0007114521002166/type/journal_article
Griffen C, Duncan M, Hattersley J, Weickert MO, Dallaway A, Renshaw D. Effects of resistance exercise and whey protein supplementation on skeletal muscle strength, mass, physical function, and hormonal and inflammatory biomarkers in healthy active older men: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Exp. Gerontol. [Internet]. 2022 Feb;158:111651. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0531556521004332
Mori H, Tokuda Y. De-Training Effects Following Leucine-Enriched Whey Protein Supplementation and Resistance Training in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial with 24 Weeks of Follow-Up. J. Nutr. Health Aging [Internet]. 2022 Oct 17;26(11):994–1002. Available from: https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-022-1853-1
Skoglund E, Lundberg TR, Rullman E, Fielding RA, Kirn DR, Englund DA, et al. Functional improvements to 6 months of physical activity are not related to changes in size or density of multiple lower-extremity muscles in mobility-limited older individuals. Exp. Gerontol. [Internet]. 2022 Jan;157:111631. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0531556521004137
Strasser EM, Franzke B, Hofmann M, Schober-Halper B, Oesen S, Jandrasits W, et al. Resistance training with or without nutritional supplementation showed no influence on muscle thickness in old-institutionalized adults: a secondary analysis of the Vienna Active Ageing Study. Eur. J. Phys. Rehabil. Med. [Internet]. 2022 Jul;58(4). Available from: https://www.minervamedica.it/index2.php?show=R33Y2022N04A0646
Ullevig SL, Zuniga K, Austin Lobitz C, Santoyo A, Yin Z. Egg protein supplementation improved upper body muscle strength and protein intake in community-dwelling older adult females who attended congregate meal sites or adult learning centers: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Nutr. Health [Internet]. 2022 Dec 3;28(4):611–620. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02601060211051592
Bülow J, Khakimov B, Reitelseder S, Bechshøft R, Jensen M, Hall G van, et al. Effect of 1-year daily protein supplementation and physical exercise on muscle protein synthesis rate and muscle metabolome in healthy older Danes: a randomized controlled trial. Eur. J. Nutr. [Internet]. 2023 Sep 2;62(6):2673–2685. Available from: https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00394-023-03182-0
Kim S, Park J, Kim DH, Sun J, Lee SY. Combined exercise and nutrition intervention for older women with spinal sarcopenia: an open-label single-arm trial. BMC Geriatr. [Internet]. 2023 Jun 1;23(1):346. Available from: https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-023-04063-1
Laird E, Ward M, McSorley E, Strain JJ, Wallace J. Vitamin D and Bone Health; Potential Mechanisms. Nutrients [Internet]. 2010 Jul 5;2(7):693–724. Available from: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/2/7/693
Minj S, Anand S. Whey Proteins and Its Derivatives: Bioactivity, Functionality, and Current Applications. Dairy [Internet]. 2020 Nov 5;1(3):233–258. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2624-862X/1/3/16
Chang MC, Choo YJ. Effects of Whey Protein, Leucine, and Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients [Internet]. 2023 Jan 19;15(3):521. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/521
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar - ISSN 2675-6218
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
Os direitos autorais dos artigos/resenhas/TCCs publicados pertecem à revista RECIMA21, e seguem o padrão Creative Commons (CC BY 4.0), permitindo a cópia ou reprodução, desde que cite a fonte e respeite os direitos dos autores e contenham menção aos mesmos nos créditos. Toda e qualquer obra publicada na revista, seu conteúdo é de responsabilidade dos autores, cabendo a RECIMA21 apenas ser o veículo de divulgação, seguindo os padrões nacionais e internacionais de publicação.
