USO DE PROBIÓTICOS EN LA PRÁCTICA CLÍNICA DEL TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47820/recima21.v3i6.1553Palabras clave:
Probióticos, Desorden del espectro autista, Microbiota gastrointestinalResumen
Objetivo: caracterizar los estudios relacionados con el uso de probióticos en la práctica clínica del trastorno del espectro autista. Métodos: se trata de una investigación exploratoria y descriptiva, en forma de revisión integradora, que incluyó artículos originales realizados con personas diagnosticadas con autismo que usaron probióticos, en un lapso de tiempo de diez años (2009 a 2019). Resultados: las cepas probióticas utilizadas en el autismo más descritas en los estudios fueron Lactobacillus (77,7%), Bifidobacterium (55,5%) y Streptococcus (33,3%). Se han reportado mejoras en los trastornos conductuales, cognitivos y gastrointestinales, así como pérdida de peso y disminución de los marcadores inflamatorios. Los efectos adversos más frecuentes fueron diarrea (44,4%), estreñimiento (22,2%), exantema (22,2%). Conclusión: Los estudios han demostrado una asociación beneficiosa con el uso de probióticos en niños y jóvenes con autismo. La población de estudio fue considerada pequeña por los autores, lo que lleva a proponer ensayos clínicos controlados con placebo, con poblaciones más grandes, para obtener datos más fiables.
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